This means that if photons live for 1 quintillion years, from their perspective, they will only live about three years. Einstein's theory of relativity suggests when particles travel extraordinarily quickly, the fabric of space and time warps around them, meaning they experience time as passing more slowly than objects moving relatively slowly. Intriguingly, the speed that photons travel at means their extraordinary life spans will pass by quickly from their perspective. Einstein's theory of relativity "just states that no particle can travel faster than a massless particle," Heeck said. However, this assumption is based on the idea of the photon not having any mass. The idea of neutrinos that move faster than photons would seem to violate the notion, based on Einstein's theory of relativity, that nothing can travel faster than light. "The lightest neutrino, being lighter than light, would then actually travel faster than photons," Heeck said. In principle, each photon might decay into two of the lightest neutrinos. "It might well be that the neutrino is lighter than the photon," Heeck said. Countless neutrinos rush through everyone on Earth every day with no effect. Neutrinos are ghostly particles that only very rarely interact with normal matter. Neutrinos are subatomic particles, part of the elemental building blocks of the universe CNN Scientists in Switzerland say an experiment appears to show that tiny particles traveled. Assuming photons have mass, "there is only one particle we know from the Standard Model of particle physics that might be even lighter - the lightest of the three neutrinos," Heeck said. If photons do break down, the results of such decay must be even lighter particles, ones that would travel even faster than photons. (Lighter regions have more mass and darker have less.) (Image credit: ESA/NASA/JPL-Caltech) Similarly, when electrons travel through water at speeds faster than light speed in water, they generate a shock wave of light that sometimes shines as blue light, but can also shine in ultraviolet.
Here, a full-sky map from Planck showing matter between Earth and the edge of the observable universe. Scientific projects such as the Planck mission, aimed at measuring the afterglow of the Big Bang, could potentially detect signs of the decay of photons.
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